CEP Stabilised Systems
With pulse durations approaching the single cycle limit, the phase relationship between the carrier and its envelope becomes increasingly important. Controlling the carrier envelope phase (CEP) enables the exploration of a whole new area of extreme nonlinear physics where the relationship between the phase of the carrier wave and its envelope becomes crucial to the observed phenomena, e.g. in attosecond physics, where the front end of the machines generating isolated attosecond light pulses traditionally are based on CEP-stabilized oscillators. Another field which has opened up is the exploration of CEP dependent effects in electron emission spectroscopy, or more generally in the field of nano optics, plasmonics and femtosecond electron point sources.
