Electrostatic chucks

Electrostatic chucks

Semiconductor substrates such as Si wafers or masks for the next generation of extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL) are handled in a vacuum. For nm structures and exact overlay, the reproducibility of the substrate evenness is a crucial factor, as unevenness results in structural distortions. Particles are problematic and heat input as well as thermal expansion must be taken into account.

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